{"id":2634,"date":"2023-10-16T11:32:14","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T11:32:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psicomallorca0877.live-website.com\/abus-i-addiccio-al-mobil-causes-i-consequencies\/"},"modified":"2025-08-13T10:37:29","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T10:37:29","slug":"abus-i-addiccio-al-mobil-causes-i-consequencies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/abus-i-addiccio-al-mobil-causes-i-consequencies\/","title":{"rendered":"Ab\u00fas i addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil: causes i conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La paraula “addicci\u00f3” s’utilitza sovint per a descriure qualsevol comportament impulsiu que sigui excessiu, causi un malestar significatiu i afecti la vida di\u00e0ria d’una persona. L’addicci\u00f3<\/a> sol referir-se a pr\u00e0ctiques molt perjudicials, com el consum de subst\u00e0ncies, o l’addicci\u00f3 al joc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El DSM-5 (Manual Diagn\u00f2stic i Estad\u00edstic dels Trastorns Mentals, en la seva \u00faltima versi\u00f3) nom\u00e9s inclou l’addicci\u00f3 al joc, per la qual cosa el potencial \u00fas addictiu del m\u00f2bil no estaria recollit com a patol\u00f2gic. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s normal ja que l’addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil \u00e9s una cosa relativament recent, amb la normalitzaci\u00f3 i abaratiment del cost d’aquests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Encara que l’\u00fas excessiu del m\u00f2bil no est\u00e0 reconegut oficialment com a addicci\u00f3 encara (possiblement aparegui en la pr\u00f2xima edici\u00f3 del DSM), sol afectar la vida d’una persona i causar-li emocions negatives (com angoixa o vergonya).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Molts professionals ho considerarien un comportament disfuncional i oferirien tractament per a alleujar els efectes negatius que l’\u00fas del tel\u00e8fon pot estar tenint en la vida di\u00e0ria i en els nivells d’angoixa d’una persona. \u00c9s important destacar que existeixen diversos tractaments i m\u00e8todes d’afrontament que poden ajudar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Causes<\/strong> d’addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les causes poden ser diverses i originar-se a partir d’alguna mena d’esdeveniment particular: per exemple, despr\u00e9s d’un esdeveniment traum\u00e0tic \u00e9s possible que moltes persones recorrin a un major \u00fas dels seus tel\u00e8fons m\u00f2bils per a abstreure’s i no enfrontar-se al m\u00f3n real.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No obstant aix\u00f2, en la majoria dels casos no existeix una causa concreta, sin\u00f3 que es tracta d’una \u201caddicci\u00f3\u201d a la dopamina. La dopamina regula el sistema de recompensa del nostre cervell, i els m\u00f2bils funcionen com una font de recompensa constant: notificacions, v\u00eddeos graciosos, \u201clikes\u201d en xarxes socials\u2026 Aix\u00f2 fa que es generi una necessitat de rec\u00f3rrer a aquesta \u201cdopamina f\u00e0cil\u201d, perqu\u00e8 ens fa sentir b\u00e9 immediatament. Amb aix\u00f2, es genera un cercle vici\u00f3s pel qual cada vegada necessitem m\u00e9s dopamina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edmptomes d’addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yin et al. (2016) van proposar una s\u00e8rie no exhaustiva de criteris diagn\u00f2stics per a l’addicci\u00f3 als tel\u00e8fons intel\u00b7ligents, que t\u00e9 cert solapament amb els criteris de les addiccions conductuals en general. Es podria parlar d’una addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil si existeix un patr\u00f3 perjudicial d’\u00fas que condueix a una angoixa significativa i que implica tres o m\u00e9s dels seg\u00fcents s\u00edmptomes durant els 3 mesos previs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Incapacitat recurrent per a resistir l’impuls d’utilitzar el tel\u00e8fon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Ansietat o irritabilitat despr\u00e9s d’un per\u00edode sense utilitzar el m\u00f2bil (semblan\u00e7a a la s\u00edndrome d’abstin\u00e8ncia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Desig persistent o intents fracassats d’abandonar o reduir l’\u00fas del tel\u00e8fon intel\u00b7ligent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Passar un temps excessiu utilitzant el tel\u00e8fon intel\u00b7ligent malgrat els problemes f\u00edsics o mentals derivats d’aix\u00f2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L’addicci\u00f3 al m\u00f2bil pot generar diverses conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies en la vida de les persones que la sofreixen. Aix\u00ed, diversos estudis han demostrat que existeix una relaci\u00f3 entre l’\u00fas excessiu dels tel\u00e8fons intel\u00b7ligents i diferents trastorns mentals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S’ha trobat que l’\u00fas excessiu de tel\u00e8fons intel\u00b7ligents s’associa a trastorns com la depressi\u00f3, l’ansietat i el trastorn per d\u00e8ficit d’atenci\u00f3 amb hiperactivitat (TDAH). Per descomptat, aix\u00f2 no implica causalitat, ja que aquest \u00fas excessiu no t\u00e9 per qu\u00e8 estar associat necess\u00e0riament a un trastorn com a tal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A m\u00e9s, pot provocar canvis f\u00edsics, com a insomni, migranyes i fins i tot canvis en el volum de mat\u00e8ria grisa cerebral, essencial per a diferents processos cognitius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En adolescents i joves, existeixen riscos addicionals; en aquests grups, l’\u00fas de tel\u00e8fons intel\u00b7ligents pot causar problemes de regulaci\u00f3 emocional i funci\u00f3 cognitiva, impulsivitat i baixa autoestima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finalment, pot tenir un impacte en diferents \u00e0mbits de la vida de les persones, com a l\u2019\u00e0mbit social o laboral: l’\u00fas del tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil pot suposar una p\u00e8rdua d’atenci\u00f3 i de temps que no permeti centrar-se en altres tasques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com desenganxar-se<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Existeixen diferents t\u00e8cniques per a aconseguir reduir l’\u00fas del tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil de manera efectiva. Per descomptat, en casos m\u00e9s extrems sempre es recomana comptar amb l’ajuda d’un terapeuta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Identifica en quins moments recorres al m\u00f2bil: pot ser per avorriment, per un desig de connexi\u00f3 social, per incomoditat en unes certes situacions socials, per ansietat\u2026 Una vegada identificats aquests moments, tracta de buscar alternatives concretes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Ajuda’t d’apps del m\u00f2bil que limiten el temps d’\u00fas: existeixen diverses apps que \u201cprohibeixen\u201d utilitzar el m\u00f2bil en unes certes hores o durant uns certs minuts al dia. Fins i tot hi ha algunes en les quals, si es vol trencar la norma, s’ha de pagar amb diners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Fes l’\u00fas del m\u00f2bil menys atractiu: per exemple, posant el fons o el text en colors m\u00e9s inc\u00f2modes (grisos, negres\u2026); la grand\u00e0ria del text excessivament gran\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Intenta fer activitats fora de casa on no t’emportis el tel\u00e8fon. Si necessites estar comunicat, pots comprar-te un tel\u00e8fon antic, que nom\u00e9s tingui la funci\u00f3 de trucades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Posa el m\u00f2bil en una altra habitaci\u00f3 en anar-te a dormir; aix\u00ed, no ser\u00e0 el primer que miris en despertar-te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Tingues m\u00e9s alternatives d’entreteniment, que el tel\u00e8fon no sigui la teva primera opci\u00f3 o la principal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si sents que passes m\u00e9s temps del que deuries amb el tel\u00e8fon o et costa controlar i gestionar el seu \u00fas, recomanem que consultis amb un professional de la salut mental perqu\u00e8 pugui avaluar i assessorar el teu cas, per a aprendre a gestionar millor aquestes dificultats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referencias
De-Sola Guti\u00e9rrez, J., Rodr\u00edguez de Fonseca, F., & Rubio, G. (2016). Cell-phone addiction: A review.\u00a0Frontiers in psychiatry,\u00a07, 175.
Lin, Y. H., Chiang, C. L., Lin, P. H., Chang, L. R., Ko, C. H., Lee, Y. H., & Lin, S. H. (2016). Proposed diagnostic criteria for smartphone addiction.\u00a0PloS one,\u00a011(11), e0163010.
Morrison, J. (2015).\u00a0DSM-5\u00ae Gu\u00eda para el diagn\u00f3stico cl\u00ednico. Editorial El Manual Moderno.
Park, W. K. (2005). Mobile phone addiction. In\u00a0Mobile communications: Re-negotiation of the social sphere\u00a0(pp. 253-272). London: Springer London.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xavi Ponseti\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>
Col. N\u00ba\u00a0B-03138<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La paraula “addicci\u00f3” s’utilitza sovint per a descriure qualsevol comportament impulsiu que sigui excessiu, causi un malestar significatiu i afecti 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