{"id":2569,"date":"2023-03-23T12:12:28","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T12:12:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psicomallorca0877.live-website.com\/llum-de-gas-una-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil\/"},"modified":"2025-08-13T10:40:26","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T10:40:26","slug":"llum-de-gas-una-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/llum-de-gas-una-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cLLUM DE GAS\u201d: UNA MANIPULACI\u00d3 PSICOL\u00d2GICA SUBTIL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s fer \u201cLlum de Gas\u201d?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El \u201cgaslighting\u201d, conegut a Espanya com l’acte de fer llum de gas, es descriu com un tipus de viol\u00e8ncia psicol\u00f2gica. Consisteix a fer creure a l’altra persona que est\u00e0 perdent el seny i fer-la dubtar del seu judici, percepci\u00f3 o mem\u00f2ria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El terme sorgeix d’una obra de teatre, posteriorment adaptada al cinema, en la qual el protagonista intenta tornar boja a la seva dona amb una llum de gas per a robar la seva fortuna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fer \u201cLlum de gas\u201d consisteix a manipular a la persona per a fer-la pensar que el que ocorre \u00e9s part de la seva imaginaci\u00f3, controlant aix\u00ed la seva percepci\u00f3 i creant una posici\u00f3 d’autoritat i de control. Per tant, la v\u00edctima no \u00e9s conscient que est\u00e0 sent manipulada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les persones que fan \u201cLlum de gas\u201d pretenen tenir poder sobre la persona o persones a qui sotmeten a aquesta pr\u00e0ctica, creant relacions de codepend\u00e8ncia. Aquesta situaci\u00f3 no permet que la v\u00edctima reconegui que es tracta d’un comportament perill\u00f3s i abusiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En els inicis de l’\u00fas del terme, aquest nom\u00e9s es recollia en el context de parella, \u00e9s per aix\u00f2 que des de la ter\u00e0pia de parella<\/a> es treballa des de fa anys. No obstant aix\u00f2, en els \u00faltims anys s’ha comprovat que es d\u00f3na en diversos contextos: culturals, racials, laborals, familiars, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com identificar-ho?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L’\u00fas de la negaci\u00f3, la mentida, els atacs a la salut mental, la desqualificaci\u00f3 de sentiments i\/o percepcions i la manipulaci\u00f3 de sentiments s\u00f3n algunes de les pautes m\u00e9s emprades. La persona agressora fa \u00fas d’una comunicaci\u00f3 confusa amb la finalitat de maquillar la seva hostilitat. Les queixes, les bromes, els silencis hostils o les frases incompletes s\u00f3n freq\u00fcents i tenen com a objectiu desestabilitzar a la v\u00edctima i crear un sentiment de culpa en ella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Algunes de les t\u00e8cniques m\u00e9s emprades per a fer \u201cLlum de gas\u201d s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Rebatre: Q\u00fcestionar la mem\u00f2ria d’alg\u00fa, encara que recordi els esdeveniments correctament. \u201cAix\u00f2 no va ser aix\u00ed\u201d.<\/li>
  • Oblit: La persona pret\u00e9n haver oblidat alguna cosa o nega que ocorregu\u00e9s. \u201cNo s\u00e9 de qu\u00e8 em parles\u201d.<\/li>
  • Bloqueig o desviament: La persona posa fi a les preocupacions de la v\u00edctima o b\u00e9 les redirigeix, canviant de tema. \u201cT’ho est\u00e0s inventant\u201d, \u201cCrec que veus massa pel\u00b7l\u00edcules\u201d.<\/li>
  • Trivialitzar: Llevar import\u00e0ncia als sentiments o preocupacions d’una altra persona o fer que aquests semblin irracionals. \u201cNo \u00e9s per a tant\u201d<\/li>
  • Retenir: Fingir no entendre alguna cosa o negar-se a escoltar. \u201cQue s\u00ed, que s\u00ed, el que tu diguis\u201d<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Exemples de \u201cLlum de gas\u201d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Fer \u201cLlum de gas\u201d \u00e9s una forma de manipulaci\u00f3 mental en el qual es realitza un enverinament psicol\u00f2gic de la v\u00edctima. La persona agressora explota a la seva v\u00edctima i nega el mal que realitza, arribant a acusar-la d’imaginar-s\u2019ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

     \u201cJo no he dit aix\u00f2, t’ho est\u00e0s imaginant\u201d
    \u201cEts un\/a exagerat\/a\u201d
    \u201cAix\u00f2 no ha passat\u201d
    \u201cEst\u00e0s boig\/a\u201d
    \u201cEts massa sensible\u201d
    \u201cT’ho est\u00e0s inventant\u201d
    \u201cSaps que jo mai et faria mal intencionalment\u2026Jo t\u2019estim\u201d
    \u201cCreus que m’ho inventaria?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Aquest tipus d’expressions s’usen per a negar, minimitzar o eliminar el discurs de la v\u00edctima, fent-la dubtar del seu judici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Quins efectes psicol\u00f2gics produeix?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Els primers efectes poden ser dif\u00edcils de detectar. Poden incloure:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • Frustraci\u00f3 per discutir constantment<\/li>
    • Rebuig a l’entorn que mostra preocupaci\u00f3<\/li>
    • Irritabilitat<\/li>
    • Sensaci\u00f3 de tensi\u00f3<\/li>
    • P\u00e8rdua d’atenci\u00f3 i concentraci\u00f3<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Tot aix\u00f2 pot tenir un impacte a llarg termini en la salut mental i l’autoestima d’una persona. Tamb\u00e9 poden dificultar que la persona abandoni una situaci\u00f3 de maltractament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Fer \u201cLlum de gas\u201d afecta directament a l’autoestima de qui la rep, creant depend\u00e8ncia cap a la persona agressora i atacant a la seva salut mental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L’efecte principal \u00e9s el d’inseguretat<\/u><\/strong>. La v\u00edctima acaba creient al seu agressor i com a resultat dubta de tot all\u00f2 que sent o percep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      S’\u00e9s vulnerable a desenvolupar ansietat, depressi\u00f3 i altres trastorns mentals que poden suposar greus riscos per a la salut. Fer \u201cLlum de gas\u201d no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s un s\u00edmptoma d’una relaci\u00f3 t\u00f2xica, sin\u00f3 que podria formar part d’un patr\u00f3 m\u00e9s ampli de control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Alguns dels problemes a llarg termini m\u00e9s comuns s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • Ansietat<\/li>
      • Depressi\u00f3<\/li>
      • Trauma<\/li>
      • Estr\u00e8s posttraum\u00e0tic<\/li>
      • Baixa autoestima<\/li>
      • Inseguretat<\/li>
      • Falta de confian\u00e7a<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Fins i tot despr\u00e9s de sortir d’aquesta situaci\u00f3, algunes persones poden tenir dificultats per a confiar en els altres. Poden estar hiperalerta davant possibles manipulacions i sentir-se culpables per no haver-se donat compte abans. La seva negativa a mostrar-se vulnerable pot causar tensions en futures relacions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Com actuar davant aquesta forma d’ab\u00fas?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        La forma m\u00e9s efica\u00e7 de silenciar a alg\u00fa que ens fa \u201cLlum de gas\u201d \u00e9s el silenci. Tallar la comunicaci\u00f3 evita que l’agressor aconsegueixi el que vol: l’atenci\u00f3 i control de la seva v\u00edctima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Detecta les banderes vermelles:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
        • Em sento q\u00fcestionat\/a constantment<\/li>
        • Em disculpo i sento culpa constantment.<\/li>
        • Se m’acusa de ser massa sensible en exc\u00e9s.<\/li>
        • Dubto sobre la meva v\u00e0lua i sobre si soc bona parella, fill\/a, treballador\/a, amic\/ga, etc.<\/li>
        • Sento inseguretat a l’hora de prendre una decisi\u00f3.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          <\/div>\n\n\n\n

          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          I actua:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          • Analitza b\u00e9 l’ocorregut. Fes \u00fas d’eines que et permetin reunir proves: un diari, notes de veu, missatges, emails, fotografies, etc.<\/li>
          • Acaba aquelles converses en qu\u00e8 sentis que se t’est\u00e0 manipulant. Tens dret a no estar d’acord.<\/li>
          • No et disculpis per sentir-te com et sents, no hi ha res de dolent en aix\u00f2.<\/li>
          • Posa l\u00edmits. Fes saber als altres quins s\u00f3n i en cas que els creuin, quines s\u00f3n les seves conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies.<\/li>
          • Envolta’t d\u2019\u00e9ssers estimats en els qui et puguis recolzar i que puguin donar-te un altre punt de vista respecte al succe\u00eft.<\/li>
          • Cerca ajuda professional.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Refer\u00e8ncies bibliogr\u00e0fiques<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Gal\u00e1n, J. y Figueroa, M.R. (2017). Gaslighting. La invisible violencia psicol\u00f3gica. UARICHA Revista de Psicolog\u00eda, 14(32), 53-60.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Nall, R. M. (2020, 29 junio).  What are the long-term effects of gaslighting? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            J\u00falia Taranc\u00f3n Estades<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Psic\u00f2loga Col. No B-3232<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s fer \u201cLlum de Gas\u201d? El \u201cgaslighting\u201d, conegut a Espanya com l’acte de fer llum de gas, es descriu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2573,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sexualitat-i-parelles"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil.jpg",1000,700,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil-300x210.jpg",300,210,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil-768x538.jpg",768,538,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil.jpg",1000,700,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil.jpg",1000,700,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/llum-de-gas-manipulacio-psicologica-subtil.jpg",1000,700,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Instituto Psicolog\u00eda Sexolog\u00eda","author_link":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s fer \u201cLlum de Gas\u201d? El \u201cgaslighting\u201d, conegut a Espanya com l’acte de fer llum de gas, es descriu […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2569"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2572,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2569\/revisions\/2572"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psicologiasexologiamallorca.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}